Outreach and training
Pengabdian masyarakat dan pelatihan

The Enggano Language Documentation Project was the topic of a blog post by Charlotte Hemmings on 30 April 2025 in the Taylor Institution Library weblog.

Delivery of Enggano research outputs (i.e., textbooks for elementary and junior high schools & printed dictionary) to the Enggano community/Penyerahan luaran penelitian bahasa Enggano (yaitu buku ajar SD & SMP, dan kamus bahasa Enggano) ke masyarakat Enggano. In January 2025, Gede Primahadi W. Rajeg, Charlotte Hemmings, Dendi Wijaya, and Engga Zakaria Sangian visited Enggano Island to deliver our research outputs to the Enggano community. This is a video record of the visit.

Discussion of language endangerment and importance of language preservation on the Breakfast Show, Voice of Islam. This radio interview, conducted with Charlotte Hemmings on 23 January 2025, is a discussion of our Enggano work in the context of global language endangerment and efforts for language documentation and preservation. The linguists Dr. Shannon Bischoff and Dr. Oliver Mayeux were also interviewed on the same program. Charlotte's interview begins at around 7'50'' in the recording.

The Enggano Language Documentation and Lexicography: A Reflection. This event, held at Udayana University, Bali, on 10 January 2025, includes a student-oriented workshop, led by Charlotte Hemmings and Gede Primahadi W. Rajeg. The workshop presents an overview of linguistic field methods and relevant tools (e.g., ELAN and FieldWorks Language Explorer [FLEx]) for linguistic data processing in the context of language documentation (e.g., recording, transcribing, and managing lexical data). It can be streamed at https://www.youtube.com/live/Ph7HtjIhimU?si=6Nuk77RSEk4qD9G5.

Penyusunan Korpus Bahasa Daerah/Compilation of Regional Language Corpus, by Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg. Slides for an online invited talk (in Indonesian) at the workshop on creating regional language corpora (24 October 2024, 16.00 Jakarta). The workshop was organised by the Language and Literature Preservation working group, of the National Language Agency of Indonesia. The talk began with presenting the concept of corpus and the FAIR data principle for wider access to the created corpora, especially for the native speakers of the language, in addition to researchers/academics. Next, one of the case studies presented is the creation of the Contemporary Enggano language corpora and Enggano legacy materials of texts and word lists, including the expected output of Enggano digital and print dictionaries, among others. In addition, cross-linguistic parallel corpora creation from picture stimuli (the SCOPIC project), especially the Balinese corpora, was also discussed. Then, regarding the model for infrastructure, the language data across Australia project was presented. Finally, there is a mention of community-based development of digital infrastructure centring around the Balinese language dictionary and content.

Bahasa Enggano yang terancam punah masih berkarib dengan bahasa Austronesia/The Endangered Enggano language is still closely related to Austronesian languages, by Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg, Bernd Nothofer, and Daniel Krauße: This is a popular article (in Indonesian) that describes two pieces of evidence for the genetic relationship of Enggano as an Austronesian language. This evidence is regular sound change and the metaphorical use of the word referring to ‘eye’ in Enggano to refer to ‘window’. The article, published in The Conversation, is largely based on the book chapter written by Bernd Nothofer (Nothofer 2021), supported by other studies linked throughout the article.
Artikel ilmiah populer ini memaparkan dua bukti yang menunjukkan hubungan genetik bahasa Enggano sebagai bahasa Austronesia. Bukti ini adalah keteraturan perubahan bunyi dan penggunaan metafora kata yang merujuk pada ‘mata’ dalam bahasa Enggano yang digunakan untuk merujuk pada ‘jendela’. Artikel yang diterbitkan di The Conversation ini sebagian besar didasarkan pada bab buku yang ditulis oleh Bernd Nothofer (Nothofer 2021) dan didukung oleh penelitian lain yang ditautkan dalam artikel.

Digitised Holle List is considered for inclusion in the Concepticon database: As part of collating the lexical dataset for Enggano, we digitised the master Holle List (Stokhof 1980) into a fully searchable and manipulatable database (Rajeg 2023), following the standard of the Cross-Linguistic Data Format (CLDF). The digitised Holle List contains the reference index for the Dutch, English, and Malay/Indonesian translations of the other regional languages gathered across Indonesia as part of the overall Holle List vocabularies, including Enggano; we used this digitised Holle List to computationally match the also-digitised Enggano wordlist from 1895 with their Dutch, English, and Malay/Indonesian counterparts. Digitising the master Holle List has enabled its inclusion in the Lexibank repository on Zenodo, which hosts CLDF-compliant lexical datasets from many different languages. Most importantly, our work has led to the consideration of integrating the master Holle List into the Concepticon catalogue (see here), a well-known semantic catalogue for concepts across languages.
Sebagai bagian dari penyusunan bank data leksikal untuk Enggano, kami melakukan digitalisasi terhadap Daftar Kata Holle (Stokhof 1980) sehingga sepenuhnya dapat ditelusuri secara komputasional (Rajeg 2023). Format Daftar Kata Holle ini mengikuti standar Format Data Lintas Bahasa (Cross-Linguistic Data Format) (CLDF). Daftar Holle yang telah didigitalkan berisi indeks referensi untuk terjemahan bahasa Belanda, Inggris, dan Melayu/Indonesia dari bahasa-bahasa daerah lainnya yang dikumpulkan di seluruh Indonesia sebagai bagian dari keseluruhan Daftar Kosakata Holle, termasuk Enggano. Kami menggunakan Daftar Holle yang telah didigitalkan ini untuk secara komputasional mencocokkan daftar kata Enggano digital dari tahun 1895 dengan padanannya dalam bahasa Belanda, Inggris, dan Melayu/Indonesia. Digitalisasi Daftar Holle tersebut memungkinkan penyertaannya dalam repositori Lexibank di Zenodo, yang menyimpan kumpulan data leksikal yang sesuai dengan CLDF dari berbagai bahasa. Yang terpenting, Daftar Kata Holle ini akhirnya dipertimbangkan untuk diintegrasikan ke dalam katalog Concepticon (lihat di sini), suatu katalog semantik terkenal untuk konsep lintas bahasa.

AfoX funding for language documentation in Namibia, April-May 2024: Charlotte Hemmings obtained AfOx funding for a 4-week visit to Oxford by Dr. Victoria Hasheela (Department of Computing, Mathematics and Statistics, University of Namibia) in April-May 2024 for collaborative work on the documentation of the endangered language Oshikwanyama, building on expertise acquired in the Enggano project. The visit included training workshops in the Faculty as well as sharing our experiences of developing apps/teaching materials/documentation for Enggano with Dr. Hasheela.
Charlotte Hemmings memperoleh pendanaan AfOx yang memungkinkan Dr. Victoria Hasheela (Departemen Komputasi, Matematika, dan Statistik, Universitas Namibia) berkunjung selama 4 minggu ke Oxford pada bulan April-Mei 2024 untuk kerja sama dalam dokumentasi bahasa Oshikwanyama yang terancam punah, berdasarkan keahlian yang diperoleh dalam proyek Enggano. Kunjungan tersebut mencakup lokakarya pelatihan di Fakultas Linguistik, Filologi dan Fonetik, Universitas Oxford, serta berbagi pengalaman kami dalam mengembangkan aplikasi/materi pengajaran/dokumentasi untuk Enggano dengan Dr. Hasheela.

Tracking down career pathways in the era of Artificial Intelligence, November 2023: Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg was one of two speakers at this workshop, with a presentation on "Nurturing skills in the age of Artificial Intelligence" (slides). He discussed the relevance of coding to linguists, illustrated by use of code to resolve issues in creating our on-line Enggano dictionaries, particularly when combining a complex form with the root. The on-line audience included students and academics from all over Indonesia.
Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg adalah salah satu dari dua pembicara di lokakarya ini, dengan presentasi tentang "Nurturing skills in the age of Artificial Intelligence" (slide). Ia membahas relevansi kemampuan coding bagi ahli bahasa. Hal ini dicontohkan dengan penggunaan kode pemrograman untuk menyelesaikan isu dalam pembuatan kamus Enggano daring, khususnya saat menggabungkan data bentuk kompleks dan akar kata. Peserta lokakarya tersebut meliputi mahasiswa dan akademisi dari seluruh Indonesia.

Methods for Data Collection & Analysis in Language Documentation workshops, 2023: In 2023, Charlotte Hemmings ran two graduate training seminars on "Methods for Data Collection & Analysis in Language Documentation" in the Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Oxford, drawing on experiences in the Enggano Project.
Pada tahun 2023, Charlotte Hemmings menyelenggarakan dua seminar pelatihan untuk karyasiswa pascasarjana tentang "Metode Pengumpulan & Analisis Data dalam Dokumentasi Bahasa" di Fakultas Kajian Asia dan Timur Tengah, Universitas Oxford, dengan memanfaatkan pengalaman di Proyek dokumentasi bahasa Enggano.

OCSEAN Workshop on Linguistic Data Collection and Data Processing, 8-12 May 2023: This workshop was organised by the Doctoral of Linguistics and Bachelor of English Study Programs, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University in collaboration with the Institute of Genomics University of Tartu, Estonia (Ir. Soekarno Room, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University) and funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 873207. The workshop provided theory and practices for collecting wordlist and texts in the context of language documentation, transcribing the data in ELAN, conducting historical-comparative linguistics, and an overview of computational methods in tracing the expansion of human languages and cultures. The tutors were Phillip Endicott, Owen Edwards, and George Saad. Four project members participated in the workshop: Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg, Engga Zakaria, Dendi Wijaya, and Komang Sumaryana Putra. Photos from the event.
Lokakarya ini diselenggarakan oleh Program Studi Doktor Linguistik dan Sarjana Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Udayana bekerja sama dengan Institut Genomik Universitas Tartu, Estonia (di Ruang Ir. Soekarno, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Udayana) atas dukungan dana dari program penelitian dan inovasi Horizon 2020 Uni Eropa di bawah perjanjian hibah Marie Skłodowska-Curie No 873207. Lokakarya ini memberikan teori dan praktik untuk mengumpulkan daftar kata dan teks dalam konteks dokumentasi bahasa, mentranskripsikan data dalam ELAN, melakukan analisis linguistik historis-komparatif, dan tinjauan umum metode komputasi dalam melacak perluasan bahasa dan budaya manusia. Pemateri pada lokakarya tersebut adalah Phillip Endicott, Owen Edwards, dan George Saad. Empat anggota proyek bahasa Enggano berpartisipasi dalam lokakarya ini: Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg, Engga Zakaria, Dendi Wijaya, dan Komang Sumaryana Putra. Foto dari acara tersebut.

Bahasa dan Budaya Enggano / Enggano Language and Culture, 16 March 2023. Public lecture at the University of Oxford, sponsored by the Critical Indigenous Studies Network, The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities. In this presentation, Engga Zakaria and Pak Milson discussed the Enggano language and culture from an indigenous perspective, and Engga, Pak Milson, Charlotte Hemmings, and Dendi Wijaya presented an introduction to the Enggano Documentation Project and a round table discussion on challenges for the future faced by the Enggano community. Slides, photos from the event.
Kuliah umum di Universitas Oxford, disponsori oleh Critical Indigenous Studies Network, The Oxford Research Center in the Humanities. Dalam presentasi ini, Engga Zakaria dan Pak Milson membahas bahasa dan budaya Enggano dari sudut pandang penutur asli/ pribumi. Kemudian, Engga, Pak Milson, Charlotte Hemmings, dan Dendi Wijaya mempresentasikan pengantar Proyek Dokumentasi Enggano dan berdiskusi tentang tantangan untuk masa depan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat Enggano. Slides, foto-foto dari acara tersebut.

First International Symposium on Research and Community Service (The 1st ISRECOs)/2022 International Conference on The Austronesian and Papuan Worlds (ICAPaW), 9-10 September 2022, sponsored and jointly organized by CIHRSS Udayana University-Australian National University; The Enggano Project, University of Oxford; Research Center for Language and Literature Preservation BRIN; and University of Bengkulu. This conference, held at the University of Bengkulu, provided training in the form of master classes in language and culture documentation, field-based linguistic research, local capacity-building and community engagement in language-culture maintenance. The master classes were given by project members Prof. I Wayan Arka and Dr. Yishan Huang. Photos from the conference.
Disponsori dan bersama-sama diselenggarakan oleh CIHRSS Universitas Udayana-Australian National University; Proyek Enggano, Universitas Oxford; Pusat Penelitian BRIN untuk Pelestarian Bahasa dan Sastra; dan Universitas Bengkulu. Konferensi ini, yang diselenggarakan di Universitas Bengkulu, memberikan pelatihan berupa kelas mahir dalam dokumentasi bahasa dan budaya, penelitian linguistik berbasis penelitian lapangan (fieldwork), peningkatan kapasitas akademisi lokal, dan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pelestarian bahasa dan budaya. Kelas mahir diberikan oleh anggota tim peneliti bahasa Enggano, Prof. I Wayan Arka dan Dr. Yishan Huang. Foto-foto dari konferensi tersebut.

The Enggano Project, 8 April 2022: Charlotte Hemmings presented a public lecture at the event Celebrating Indigenous Languages – Defending Endangered Languages; Marking the 25th anniversary of the Foundation for Endangered Languages & Launching the UN International Decade of Indigenous Languages 2022 - 2032.
Kuliah umum pada acara Celebrating Indigenous Languages – Defending Endangered Languages; Marking the 25th anniversary of the Foundation for Endangered Languages & Launching the UN International Decade of Indigenous Languages 2022 - 2032, Perayaan Bahasa-bahasa Daerah - Mempertahankan Bahasa-bahasa Terancam Punah; Menandai ulang tahun ke-25 Yayasan untuk Bahasa-bahasa Terancam Punah & Peluncuran Dekade Internasional PBB tentang Bahasa Lokal 2022 – 2032, April 2022.

Workshop ‘Languages of Indonesia’, 15 February 2022: Charlotte Hemmings ran a workshop on ‘Languages of Indonesia’ at the University of Oxford for 21 students aged 11-12 from St Mary’s School (Calne). The workshop included an introduction to language diversity in Indonesia, a language taster session on Indonesian and an introduction to endangered languages and the Enggano documentation project.
Charlotte Hemmings mengadakan lokakarya ‘Bahasa Indonesia’ di Universitas Oxford untuk 21 siswa berusia 11-12 tahun dari St Mary’s School (Calne). Lokakarya tersebut meliputi pengenalan keragaman bahasa di Indonesia, sesi pengenalan awal bahasa Indonesia dan pengenalan bahasa-bahasa yang terancam punah serta proyek dokumentasi Enggano.

Perlindungan Bahasa Enggano Perspektif Lokal, November 2021. [Protection of the Enggano Language: Local Perspective.] This presentation by Enggano speaker Engga Zakaria Sangian was given at the Badan Bahasa (Language Development and Fostering Agency), Jakarta.
Presentasi oleh penutur asli Bahasa Enggano, Engga Zakaria Sangian bertempat di Badan Bahasa, Jakarta, November 2021.